WEARABLE COMPUTING :: Essays Papers

WEARABLE COMPUTING Wearable registering is the subsequent stage to the PC progressive world. At MIThril lab, they are chipping away at a wearable PC. Like a sleeveless winter coat or a sweater, they are moving in the direction of they objective. With the muddled task, they don’t realize the end goal yet. However, with each progression the MIThril group takes, they unreservedly record and post on the web for overall access. The name MIThril gets from the anecdotal exemplary The Hobbit and Lord of the Ring by J.R.R. Tolkien. As agreeable and unnoticeable as the Dwarves’ ring-mail tunic, MIThril’s group guarantees our talented society the future garments of electronic. The world exists where individuals no longer wear just garments, however an individual wears a watch or a shirt that is continually working and require at least the wearer’s consideration. PCs are no longer need in light of the fact that with wearable PC on him why needs of a lab top. MIThril’s vision of this undertaking is to furnish our talented society with a superior method to figuring. PCs are the relic of days gone by; wearable PC is the progression to what's to come. Their principle objective toward this cutting edge venture is to make a force PC, running Linux working framework, that is lightweight, unpretentious, dependable, and continually carrying out its responsibility. The MIThril configuration depends on the utilization of at least one low force figuring centers, every one of which is able or running an out and out working framework. It will be there at whatever point a client needs. There is no compelling reason to convey a perfect, however a straightforward presentation vision on the client class. The military is anticipating have a full battle bundle for their prepared warriors. The warriors will have advantage with innovative in the field. MIThril task is to make a wearable PC as unnoticeable and light as could reasonably be expected. There are not units for showcasing, however a simple and clear archive accessible to any individual who is eager to endeavor of making one himself. This is an assignment that gets individuals to get included and make a wearable PC to be around the world.

Effective Approach to Deal with Unwanted Employee Behavior Term Paper

Viable Approach to Deal with Unwanted Employee Behavior - Term Paper Example As per Javitch (1), the initial step includes an intercession; whereby, there is a need to make a move because of the negative conduct depicted by the representatives. Actually, if the issue isn't tended to in an opportune way there are high odds of heightening. Then again, as a chief, it is insightful to comprehend that a representative may have no clue that their practices are causing issues, for example, a negative response from others. For this situation, these representatives think about the negative response to being a type of dissatisfaction in their working spot. What's more, there is a need to shout out in the event that there is an issue, and the chief has the duty of making the fundamental move to take care of the issue. This includes assuming liability for changing issue by tending to an issue in the circumstance when there is no criticism projection. Also, this progression requires the get-together of data from the workers for the perceiving degree of the issue through a n individual assessment of representative response towards various conditions. The following stage includes an individual research on the issue, whereby a supervisor should assemble important data through a meeting in the gathering rooms or workplaces. At the point when data is accumulated through an examination, a director can have the option to address the issue viably. At this stage, the chief tries to comprehend whether the representatives are completely mindful of the issues, and through along these lines, a director can decide if the workers know about their undesirable practices. Additionally, in the event that the representative doesn't know about their inadmissible practices, the administrator finds the opportunity to portray the issue brought about by the worker conduct to them. In any case, this progression may include differences, interferences as the workers attempt to deny the issue; therefore, the supervisor should utilize genuine guides to portray the undesirable conduct.

Social Facilitation Explained

Social Facilitation Explained Whether you have or haven’t heard of a term “Social Facilitation”, once we explain it to you, you will recognize it in some of your personal examples, as it is a social situation we all have been in.How Social Facilitation is best explained? To understand it completely, you must know for the starters that this theory proves that human’s motivation doesn’t depend only on their own beliefs and capabilities, yet it is more complex.Social Facilitation theory proves that our performance is under a higher or lower influence coming from the presence of other people whilst performing the given task.We’ll get to the root of this theory, as well as the importance of it.By the end of the text, you will be able not only to understand the concept of social facilitation but also to understand how you can apply it in your work.So gather around with your friends or colleagues and dig into reading!WHAT IS SOCIAL FACILITATION?The definition of the Social facilitation says that it is a conc ept that confirms the idea that the mere presence of other people can directly influence individual performance in terms of improving it.The further explanation says that there are actually two types of social facilitation.The first concept refers to working individually alongside with other people. This one is professionally called “Co-action effect”. The Co-action effect influences individuals to feel competitive and perform the tasks more efficiently if put in a common working space.The idea of competing with others pushes people to perform better and faster, with the aim of winning. Even though there isnt an actual competition, this is enough for people to feel success.The other form of social facilitation refers to working individually but in the presence of somebody who is overlooking the job or just taking a passive role in the working place.This type is professionally called the Audience effect.To best understand this, you can imagine working whilst constantly being over looked by your boss. How did this make you feel?It might surprise you that there would be different answers to this question.Some of you would feel proud and go the extra mile to show your boss who actually is the boss.Others would feel anxious, insecure and mostly uncomfortable. Where does this difference come from?The difference the social facilitation effect can have on us comes from ourselves and our beliefs about our own capabilities.Well get to the depth of both these concepts but before that lets not spoil everything yet.THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL FACILITATION THEORYLets go back to the beginning and the root of this theory. It is interesting to know that this theory goes back to 1898, when the studies on this subject first began.Later there were more scientists through history that studied social facilitation and they all had an impact on todays understanding of the phenomenon.1. Norman Triplett (1898)As mentioned previously, 1898 was the year when studies on social facilitation t heory began, and Mr. Norman Triplett was the first one who conducted the experiments.For his first experiment, Norman Triplett chose cyclists and decided to measure their cycling time in different conditions.For the first condition, they let them race individually, competing only against themselves or put more concrete â€" the timer. In the second condition, each cyclist was brought together and supposed to race not only against themselves (clock) but also against each other.The results of the experiment proved that the cyclists race time was significantly better when they were competing against each other.This was only the beginning as Norman Triplett decided to do this experiment once again, this time in the laboratory. It is important to mention that this is the first ever experiment on the social facilitation conducted in the laboratory conditions.This time, the scientist chose children and fishing reels. Similar to the first experiment, there were two conditions. In first, a ch ild alone was supposed to wind in a given amount of fishing line, competing only against the clock.For the second condition, children were organized in pairs and given the same task. Although they were working individually on those tasks, they performed much better compared to working alone.The results of this experiment proved once again the influence presence of others can have on individual performance and thus the Social Facilitation Theory was created.2. Floyd Allport (1924)As mentioned before, there were many scientists throughout the history that studied social facilitation. However, in this period, social facilitation had a bit different form.For the starters, it is important to mention that it was Floyd Allport who named the term Social Facilitation.Dr. Floyd Allport conducted a series of experiments regarding social facilitation.Similar to Norman Triplett, Floyd Allport would organize experiments in two stages: first one where people would perform alone and the second one where they would find themselves surrounded by other people.The results of these experiments in majority proved the improvement of performance when people were organized in groups. In that period, social facilitation was understood as the consequence of the sight or sound of others making the same movement” and all of the results spoken in favor of it. 3. Robert Zajonc (1956)Whenever you try to search the Internet or some library on the topic of social facilitation, it is inevitable not to come on to this name.For many who do not know, Robert Zajonc was the one who proved that our own beliefs about ourselves and our capabilities will determine whether the effect of social facilitation will have a positive or a negative impact on us.The difference between his and Normans and Floyds experiments was in the given task. There were still 2 stages in the experiment, but for the second one people were divided into two groups.The first group had a simple task to perform. In the situation w here they were observed by others, they had no difficulties in performing. On the contrary, they felt confident and managed to go the extra mile, with the obvious increase in their performance.On the other hand, the second group had a more difficult and complex task. Besides being complex, the task was also unfamiliar to the people participating in the experiment, leaving them completely unprepared for the situation.In this group, the results were completely different. The fact that they were observed and monitored by others led to them underperforming. The conclusion was obvious. People who felt unconfident and incapable of completing the task failed it, or at least ended up with worse results than in the previous phase.It has been explained by the fact that in the situations where we are being overlooked while feeling insecure, we have more tendency to make mistakes and represent ourselves as bad workers.This conclusion will change the way we look at the social facilitation foreve r and will help managers understand the motivation of their employees on a much higher level.Robert Zajonc wasnt the last scientist who dedicated himself to the research of Social facilitation but is the last one important to mention in order to understand the theory itself.The theory has developed a bit more throughout the time and the biggest thanks to that go to all the scientists who kept on performing the experiments which result continued to prove the importance of understanding the social facilitation.THE SOCIAL FACILITATION SUB-THEORIESWith many different scientists and approaches come different opinions, which then lead to forming different sub-theories.We will cover the crucial ones that will help you understand social facilitation better and find the most fitting one for your business.1. Activation Theory and Alertness HypothesisActivation theory and alertness hypothesis were introduced by no one but dr. Robert Zajonc himself and are only professional terms for the condit ions that we have previously explained.To become clearer, activation theory claims that people feel arousal when in the presence of other people and thus feel a higher drive to perform better.On the contrary, if the task they actually have to perform is complex and difficult, they will find themselves in a state of alertness, which would lead to underperforming.Both activation theory and alertness hypothesis were proved by several experiments and set a revolutionary tone to the social facilitation theory.2. Evaluation ApproachIn 1968, Henchy and Glass explained how the awareness of the fact that we are being overlooked and evaluated by other people in our presence is what influences our performance.The fear of evaluation is mostly present in situations where we are being observed by our bosses and usually has a high impact on our performance.3. Distraction-Conflict HypothesisRobert Barron gave his best to explain to society how the presence of other people can negatively influence t he performance, as many things may come as a distraction to the job.Imagine having a difficult and complex task to finish that demands your full concentration, but people who are observing you are moving or talking, producing noise and other kinds of distraction.Not a very good environment for anyone to work in. even when it comes to simpler tasks. The presence of other people can be a huge distraction and therefore influence the performance negatively.4. Overload HypothesisThe overload hypothesis is quite similar to the distraction-conflict hypothesis.In fact, it was built on it and represents the developed version of the distraction-conflict hypothesis.To explain it further, this hypothesis claims that distraction coming from our environment lead to overloading our brains with the information.Similar to the distraction-conflict hypothesis, the overload hypothesis explains how bad the influence on our performance may be.But on the contrary, this hypothesis claims that the distracti ons coming from the environment have no influence on our performance if there is a simple task in front of us. It actually helps us focus on what is important.5. Feedback-Loop ModelThis is the theory that claims that in situations where being observed, people come more aware of themselves and their performance, making it the biggest and most important focus at that moment. All human beings have a desire of receiving positive feedback.Therefore, when found in a situation where they are being evaluated, people tend to push themselves and perform better than usual, all with the aim of getting positive feedback.This could be widely used in order to boost peoples performance and also help them realize that they are capable of performing in a better way.6. Capacity ModelIt was in 1977 when Shiffrin and Schneider presented the two-process theory of information processing. The capacity model leans itself on overload hypothesis but brings a further explanation of this phenomenon.Shiffrin and Schneider explained the fact that when completing the difficult tasks our minds use cognitive processing. On the other hand, when completing the simple tasks our minds use automatic processing.If a person is given a simple task, the automatic processing catches the full attention and therefore results in improved performance.If a person is given a difficult task, it is a task for a persons cognitive processing, which requires undivided attention. In these situations, any form of destruction can influence negatively the performance.As mentioned before, there are even more hypothesis and sub-theories.All of them have their role in todays implementation of the social facilitation and we encourage you to research the topic even more.However, those that we have covered will be more than enough to understand the concept of social facilitation and implement it successfully.It is also interesting to mention that there are theories that directly opposite Social facilitation theory, such as Social loafing theory.However, social loafing theory stayed the less used one ever since.UNDERSTANDING THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL FACILITATIONThere are many positive aspects of understanding the concept of social facilitation and actually implementing it in your working place.Top managers often emphasize how the social facilitation theory helped them understand their employees and provide them with the best environment for them, helping them achieve their full potential.The biggest benefit of understanding social facilitation is definitely the fact that motivation starts to be seen in a different light.If you are like most people, you probably find the motivation as something that mostly depends on you and your feelings.When you apply that to business, you have a strong belief that the performance of an employee depends completely on their motivation to perform extraordinarily. And that motivation is entirely up to them.However, the social facilitation theory proves something complete ly different.Take for an example an average employee.Thanks to whats widely known in our society, the first assumption would be that employee has no motivation to perform better. In some of the cases, this will be true.In others, the situation might be much more complex. Now imagine that the same employee had a bad previous experience in this industry and was perceived as someone who isn’t good at this job. For many humans, that would be enough to start feeling the same about themselves.If an employee with that kind of beliefs is set in an environment where others are doing their best at the job, the employee will start underperforming due to the pressure coming from the presence of others and the competition that unconsciously exists. With this kind of knowledge, you would treat your employee differently, wouldnt you?Instead of automatically assuming that he or she cannot develop since they lack the motivation, you can set them in a different environment or if possible enable the m to work temporarily on their own until they gain confidence.Whichever solution you choose, you will help the employee, which will help you and your company.Meaning that this would be a win-win situation you wouldn’t be able to recognize and seize if it weren’t for the social facilitation theory.And the things you could do with the social facilitation do not end here.Now that you know how to get the best out of your employees that lack confidence, imagine what you could do and how much you could help the confident ones, giving them an opportunity to prove themselves in front of the others.Let’s take this story as an example.They say that the biggest fear in the world is the fear of public speaking. It is even bigger than the fear of death.Somehow and luckily for most of us, there are people who simply enjoy standing up and talking passionately in front of others.When we mention these people, there must at least one person you have in your mind right now. Imagine now, if you g ave this person regularly an opportunity to present something in front of the large group of people.Can you imagine how motivated he or she would be to perform this task? To go an extra mile? To perform better than anyone could imagine?That is how motivated your employees could be constantly if the working environment and conditions suit them.Of course, you cant deny the effect of internal motivation.But if you are a top manager, project manager, team leader or in any position to influence the working culture and opportunities, you should definitely consider applying social facilitation in your business.Because if the external environment is so good that gets the best out of the people, the internal motivation will grow by itself, as they will find themselves suitable for the job they are doing and start developing passion towards it.HOW TO USE SOCIAL FACILITATION IN YOUR COMPANYNow that you completely understand the social facilitation and its benefits, it is a time to start implem enting it.The first thing in the process would be to actually get to know each of your employees really good.In the process of recruitment, you may have given them personality tests to complete.Whether you have or you havent, it would be beneficial to assign it even once again to your employees, as they must have changed during the period they were working in the company.You can use different personality tests, such as Myers Briggs, Big Five, Occupational Interest Inventories, DISC Behavior Inventory or Situational Judgment Tests.They should all help you with understanding the behavior of your employees at the working place, as well as their needs.Understand the differences between these tests and choose the one (or more) you find the most fitting to your company.Whichever you choose, you won’t make a mistake.After you get the results and understand better your employee’s needs, it is time to start implementing the social facilitation theory.The solutions are quite easy, as all you have to do is organize the tasks in order to match them and people that will perform them accordingly to their competences and the environment the task itself requires.Even if some tasks do not require working alone or in a group, try to still organize those kinds of environments if the people who are completing the tasks perform better in such a climate.The key to getting the best out of the social facilitation is to adjust the environment to the employee that you have given the task that matches their capabilities.If you focus on this principle, there is no way to make a mistake.Everything starts and ends with your employees so make sure you dedicate yourself to them and their needs completely.FINAL WORDWhether you have been familiar with the social facilitation before or not, now it should be clear to you why it is so important.If you are having troubles with your employees, performance or productivity in general, this could be the simple (and the only one) solution you would need.Whenever you start doubting somebodys motivation, just remember that it is not always the internal one that makes the problem.If you are in a situation to influence the external environment and create external information, seize the opportunity and do it.It will help people around you improve and reach their full potential, and by improving the others, you are improving yourself.Everything material (results, profit etc.) has ground on only one thing â€" people.So use the benefits of this psychological theory and help your people become the best version of themselves!

Complements in English Grammar

In grammar, a complement is a word or word group that completes the predicate in a sentence. In contrast to modifiers, which are optional, complements are required to complete the meaning of a sentence or a part of a sentence. Below youll find discussions of two common types of complements: subject complements (which follow the verb be and other linking verbs) and object complements (which follow a direct object). But as David Crystal has observed, the domain of complementation remains an unclear area in linguistic analysis, and there are several unresolved issues (Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 2011). Subject complements My uniform is torn and dirty.My uniform is a T-shirt and jeans.Imagination is the one weapon in the war against reality.(Jules de Gaultier)Love is an exploding cigar we willingly smoke.(Lynda Barry) Object complements Jimmys teacher called him a troublemaker.The teachers remark made me angry.The widow she cried over me, and called me a poor lost lamb, and she called me a lot of other names, too.(Mark Twain,  Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 1885) Subject Complements Subject complements rename or describe the subjects of sentences. In other words, they complement the subjects.Many of these complements are nouns, pronouns, or other nominals that rename or provide additional information about the subject of the sentence. They always follow linking verbs. A less contemporary term for a noun, pronoun, or other nominal used as a subject complement is predicate nominative. He is the boss.Nancy is the winner.This is she.My friends are they. In the first example, the subject complement boss explains the subject he. It tells what he is. In the second example, the subject complement winner explains the subject Nancy. It tells what Nancy is. In the third example, the subject complement she renames the subject this. It tells who this is. In the final example, the subject complement they identifies the subject friends. It tells who the friends are.Other subject complements are adjectives that modify the subjects of sentences. They also follow linking verbs. A less contemporary term for an adjective used as a subject complement is predicate adjective. My coworkers are friendly.This story is exciting. In the first example, the subject complement friendly modifies the subject coworkers. In the second example, the subject complement exciting modifies the subject story.(Michael Strumpf and Auriel Douglas, The Grammar Bible. Henry Holt, 2004) Object Complements An object complement always follows the direct object and either renames or describes the direct object. Consider this sentence: She named the baby Bruce. The verb is named. To find the subject, ask, Who or what named? The answer is she, so she is the subject. Now ask, Whom or what did she name? She named the baby, so baby is the direct object. Any word following the direct object that renames or describes the direct object is an object complement. She named the baby Bruce, so Bruce is the object complement.(Barbara Goldstein, Jack Waugh, and Karen Linsky, Grammar to Go: How It Works and How to Use It, 4th ed. Wadsworth, 2013)The object complement characterizes the object in the same way as the subject complement characterizes the subject: it identifies, describes, or locates the object (as in We chose Bill as group leader, We consider him a fool, She laid the baby in the crib), expressing either its current state or resulting state (as in They found him in the kitchen vs. She made him angry). It is not possible to delete the object complement without either radically changing the meaning of the sentence (e.g. She called him an idiot - She called him) or making the sentence ungrammatical (e.g. He locked his keys in his office - *He locked his keys). Note that be or some other copula verb can often be inserted between the direct object and the object complement (e.g. I consider him to be a fool, We chose Bill to be group leader, They found him to be in the kitchen).(Laurel J. Brinton and Donna M. Brinton, The Linguistic Structure of Modern English. John Benjamins, 2010) Multiple Meanings of Complement Complement is one of the most confusing terms in scientific grammar. Even in one grammar, that of Quirk et al. (1985), we can find it being used in two ways: a) as one of the five so-called clause elements (1985: 728), (alongside subject, verb, object and adverbial):(20) My glass is empty. (subject complement)(21) We find them very pleasant. (object complement)b) as a part of a prepositional phrase, the part that follows the preposition (1985: 657):(22) on the table In other grammars, this second meaning is extended to other phrases. . . . It therefore appears to have very broad reference, to anything that is needed to complete the meaning of some other linguistic unit. . .   These two basic meanings of complement are neatly discussed in Swan [see below].(Roger Berry, Terminology in English Language Teaching: Nature and Use. Peter Lang, 2010)  The word complement is also used in a wider sense. We often need to add something to a verb, noun, or adjective to complete its meaning. If somebody says I want, we expect to hear what he or she wants; the words the need obviously dont make sense alone; after hearing Im interested, we may need to be told what the speaker is interested in. Words and expressions which complete the meaning of a verb, noun, or adjective are also called complements.Many verbs can be followed by noun complements or -ing forms with no preposition (direct objects). But nouns and adjectives normally need prepositions to join them to noun or -ing form complements.(Michael Swan, Practical English Usage. Oxford University Press, 1995) I want a drink, and then I want to go home.Does she understand the need for secrecy?Im interested in learning to fly. EtymologyFrom the Latin, to fill out Pronunciation: KOM-pli-ment

Analysis Of The Book The Dragon Can t Dance Essay

Elinor Johnson, Brandi Cathey World Literature Amanda Bryan November 24, 2015 The Aftermath of Colonial Rule in The Dragon Can’t Dance The effects of colonialism are ingrained into every facet of society in Trinidad. The novel The Dragon Can’t Dance written by Earl Lovelace, has many aspects of a postcolonial society, from the way people act on a day to day basis to the traditions upheld during Carnival. There is enough evidence to argue that the town and all its residents are experiencing postcolonialism, or the aftermath of colonial rule. Three central time frames in the novel will support this: before Carnival, during and after Carnival, and after Aldrick’s six year term in prison. These scenes in the novel depict this theme and demonstrate the postcolonial values that still dominate Calvary Hill. Postcolonialism also affects Pariag and is demonstrated by how he is treated by his neighbors. Finally we will deconstruct the idea of the â€Å"Carnival† and figure out the relationship of this to the Postcolonial Theory and how this is a reflection of colonial rule. Postcolonial theory focuses on the aftermath of colonial rule and the way former colonizers and colonized people interact in society. In many instances of postcolonialism the original culture of the colonized is lost through cultural colonialism. Mimicry is an effect of this in which the colonized people begin to take on the customs of the colonizers. Another is hybridity when the two cultures are are mixed and a newShow MoreRelatedCountry Notebook Essay12249 Words   |  49 PagesI. Cultural Analysis I. Introduction This research paper will be an in-depth analysis of South Korea and understanding effect on market. The paper will cover descriptions of the country and the financial conditions which are relevant for conducting this research. Concluding the paper we will have a recommendation as to whether or not it will be advisable for a Medical Products, Inc. to engage in South Korean Market. Medical Products, Inc. (MPI) is a U.S. firm founded in 1998 by a smallRead MoreSwot Analysis25582 Words   |  103 PagesEnd of Book Case Studies 16/7/03 3:16 PM Page 642 end-of-book End-of-book: Case studies Q 643 case studies 19 Think design and performance— think Sunbeam Cafà © Series Nicole Stegemann, School of Management and International Business, University of Western Sydney Limited, a manufacturer of pumps, filters and security products. GUD’s acquired Sunbeam in 1996. After catering for predominately female needs, it was the male population’s turn to benefit from Sunbeam’s innovationsRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesthe Department Web site at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ re/pn or call the CDE Press Sales Office at 1-800-995-4099. An illustrated Educational Resource Catalog describing publications, videos, and other instructional media available from the Department can be obtained without charge by writing to the CDE Press Sales Office, California Department of Education, 1430 N Street, Suite 3207, Sacramento, CA 95814-5901; faxing to 916-323-0823; or calling the CDE Press Sales Office at the telephone number Read MoreSadie Hawkins Day and Valentine Grams18321 Words   |  74 Pagesperformed their own dances and displayed their skills. With over 500 people, the L-Building was too small for the show. All the seats were filled and many spectators had to stand on the side. â€Å"The L-Building was too small. The room was packed. Maybe next year we can have two talent shows or maybe choose a bigger venue to accommodate for the capacity of the audience,† explains Special Education teacher Rowena Vocal. â€Å"We might need to pick a new location next year. I think we can also improve by shorteningRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagesand John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Children’s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature Definitions 31 The Ancient World [ancient Rome; 50 BCE to 500 CE] 31 The Middle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th CenturyRead MoreCase on the Disney Brand14200 Words   |  57 PagesKey Words: Brand Extension, Expansion into New Geographies. Brand Culture, Brand Symbols, Semiotics Analysis. Study of ‘Disney’: Strategies and factors that helped build the iconic brand. Group 7 Archana Menon 2008 09 A Chandan Pansari 2008 12 A Ranjani Mani 2008 43 A Sumita Das 2008 55 A INDEX Introduction ..........................................................................................................................4 Licensing ..............................................Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesWestern magic thereafter. It is said that much of Ficino’s astrological magic derives from the Picatrix (see I.P.Couliano, Eros and Magic in the Renaissance, University of Chicago Press, 1987, p. 118). The Picatrix is mentioned by Johannes Trithemius in Book 2 of his notorious Steganographia (1500) and in his Antipalus Maleficiorum (c. 1500). One copy (British Library, Sloane manuscript 3679) passed down from Simon Forman (d. 1611) to Richard Napier (d. 1634) to Elias Ashmole (d. 1692) to William LillyRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 PagesI AM ZLATAN By Zlatan Ibrahimovic as told to David Lagercrantz --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This book is dedicated to my family and friends, to those who have stood by my side, on good days and bad. I also want to dedicate it to all the kids out there, those who feel different and don t fit in. Those who are seen for the wrong reasons. It s OK to be different. Continue being yourself. It worked out for me. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesDowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning

Reasons Why People Use the Internet Free Essays

What is the Internet, and how does it work? The Internet, including the World Wide Web, is perhaps the single most important invention to impact on elementary, secondary, and higher education in today’s world. If parents are to understand how their children use technologies for learning, they must understand some things about the Internet and the Web. This section of the San Diego Public Library site offers information for parents on various aspects of this invention. We will write a custom essay sample on Reasons Why People Use the Internet or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is the Internet? The Internet, in simplest terms, is the large group of millions of computers around the world that are all connected to one another. These computers are connected by phone lines, fiber optic lines, coaxial cable, satellites, and wireless connections. When you log on to the Internet you are given access to many of the other computers that are connected around the world. Internet A global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions. Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet is decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is independent. Its operators can choose which Internet services to use and which local services to make available to the global Internet community. Remarkably, this anarchy by design works exceedingly well. There are a variety of ways to access the Internet. Most online services, such as America Online, offer access to some Internet services. It is also possible to gain access through a commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP). The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support email. Top 10 Reasons People Use the Internet 1. Information – The Internet is arguably one of the most successful and useful tools mankind has ever created. It is, in fact, the largest library ever created, and is growing daily. Although you need to always be careful of your sources, the Internet is THE modern source of information, delivered in multiple media: written word, visual graphics and images, video, and audio have changed the way that we humans look for and find information. 2. Communication – People use the Internet to communicate with one another. Software has made it possible to stream voice and video across the world with minimal delay, and email has become the main means of communicating for many a modern person. Without the Internet, it would be both more expensive and slower to maintain personal and professional relationships. 3. Entertainment – Many people use the Internet to enjoy themselves and to engage in personal interests. In recent years, multiple player games and virtual worlds have engaged the time and money of many. Plus, video and music are easy to find, stream and download†¦plus, the medium encourages feedback! Indeed, Internet use can go too far. But how can you know if you’re addicted to the Internet? We list the criteria and signs of Internet addiction in the link above. 4. Work – The Internet provides an alternative to 9-5 workdays, as more and more people can work from home, or â€Å"telecommute†. Plus, a growing number of people are making a living from the Internet itself, wither becoming experts in how people search the Internet, providing IT or web development services, or specializing in Internet marketing. 5. School – More and more elementary, high school and university curricula require use of the Internet for school work. 6. Relationships – People use the Internet to find, maintain, or end relationships. But people can get addicted to social networks, too. More on how to know if you’re a Facebook addict here. 7. Market – People use the Internet to research, find and buy services and products. Or to target and sell to the ultimate consumer. In effect, the Internet has become THE best way to buy and sell merchandise, as online â€Å"stores† are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 8. Sexuality – Although it may surprise you, it’s no secret that a real majority of search is centered around porn. So, people [men] use the Internet to view pornography and to engage their sexual instinct. 9. Self expression – People not only consume information on the Internet, they CREATE it. And in doing so, people are able to express themselves politically, artistically, vocally, socially, etc. and give voice to what is important to them. The Internet is the ultimate forum on which you can discuss or monologue as you like. 10. Ask for help – The protocol for Internet use is one of private consumption without need for naming yourself. By virtue of the privacy and anonymity factor of cyber space, Some people use the Internet to ask for help. People ask for help in the form of emotional support, medical advice, or even simply listening. If you think that you may be an Internet addict, there is help out there for you. If you want to explore the deeper emotional and psychological issues for compulsive use of the Internet, first start by asking for help from your family doctor. S/He may refer you to a mental health specialist or center for technology addictions in your area. Or, if there are no specialists that live in your area, you might even consider videoconferencing, a form of distance psycho therapy that is starting to help people, no matter where you are. Whatever the case, you may need help to uncover the real reasons behind your reliance on the Internet, and to learn how to cut back and monitor Internet use for a healthy mind. How to cite Reasons Why People Use the Internet, Essays

Murder Mystery free essay sample

PeninsulaofMichiganMadison Ison Short Story 1st hour Creative Writing Beef jerky, Doritos, Monster energy drinks, and Chex mix. Grabbing everything off of the shelves that looks appetizing. Proceeding to the checkout we see a brochure on the Paulding Light, facts and stories about the alluring mystery. All of us get even more excited than we already are. As we all pile in the car to begin our adventure, Friday by Rebecca Black comes on. We all laugh hysterically and obnoxiously sing along. Pulling out of the BP station we head left as the GPS on our phone says to do so; comically Zarda mocks the woman’s voice from the backseat. I said â€Å"Nice chick impression Zards†, â€Å"Wait he was doing an impression? † remarked Jon. The two boys begin to banter and playfully fight as usual. I can’t help but think this will be a long and interesting drive. I check the GPS to see how long until we get there; about an hour and a half. We will write a custom essay sample on Murder Mystery or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lizzie hooks her IPod up to the radio, ecstatic about the playlist she specially made for our adventure. We all sing along and pass the time. â€Å"Quick pull into the there! † yells Ashley. We all pile out of the Subaru to a trail that leads to a rickety bridge towering over a raging river. I used to come here with my mom in the summer and walk the trails! † Lizzie stated. We all make our way to the middle in pairs. None of us dare to get too close to the edge at first. Ashley gets brave right away and begins climbing on the edge to sit. â€Å"Hey crazy, get down! † gasps Zarda. I feel some of the courage emanating from Ashley, and begin stepping towards the edge. I look over the side. Just as I begin to relax I fly forward, and my heart beats rapidly as if it’s about to beat out of my chest. I suddenly fly backwards and Jon is laughing. I soon realize that he grabbed my arms and rattled me. â€Å"Jonathan Konz don’t you do that again! † I exclaimed. Every one slowly backs away from Jon in fear they will be next to experience the adrenaline rush. As Zarda runs away down the twisting dirt path he yells â€Å"Come and get me shorty! † As I turn I see Ashley take off sprinting â€Å"You better run faster than that you wuss! †. So typical. â€Å"The river water looks so cold† Lizzie states. We sit there staring deep into the dark water for a moment before Moriyah softly says â€Å"It reminds me of one those scary movies; everything we’re doing would be in one! A bunch of crazy high school teens going on a road trip to some myth in the woods. A classic horror story plot. Ya know? † Jon quickly remarks â€Å"Oh stop trying to freak us out, nothing bad is going to happen to us! † We all have a glum look covering our faces that makes him continue on a rant. â€Å"Guys this is going to be a fun trip! The chance of a horror movie happening is one in a million, so let’s get the fun going again! † His speech didn’t lighten the mood, the laughing and yelling that we heard from Ashley and Zarda fighting on the trail did. Ashley comes running fast onto the bridge and hides behind Jon. Moments later Zarda comes running up with a large stick in his hand. Jon providing a barricade between the two love birds defends Ashley in saying â€Å"Oh that’s why Ashley ran from you, you need a stick to defend yourself? Atta boy Zarda! † Zardas eyes get bigger as he sarcastically states â€Å"Jon you are just so funny. † As the mood gets serious once again Zarda becomes impatient and yells â€Å"Jon move! Ashley come out here and face the music! † At that command Ashley jumps out from behind Jon and tackles Zarda, they pursue playfully wrestling as all of us laugh. Hey guys let’s take a group picture on this thing for the trip! † I exclaim. Everyone cheers at the idea and we peel Ashley and Zarda off of each other to join the group photo. We quickly take a picture with the dark mysterious river as our background before we all pile back into the car. â€Å"I have to tie my shoe guys, I’ll be there in a second! † I cautiously say. Moriyah stays behind with me as I throw a tennis ball that I had claimed from Zarda into the river. â€Å"Why did you do that? † questioned Moriyah. I reply â€Å"I wrote a cute quote on it, so whoever finds it will have a better day! The cure for anything is salt water; sweat, tears, or the sea. Its my favorite quote, so I decided to do something along the lines of message in a bottle ya know? † â€Å"When did you think of this? † she replies. I playfully state â€Å"I was doodling on it when we were all lost in group conversation. † We both laugh and join the others in the car. I put the car into drive as we continue to pursue our journey to the Paulding Light slowly but surely. Watching the trees become thicker and the traffic become thinner we approach the road leading to the Paulding light. Robins Pond Road. We cautiously follow the gravel road all the way to the barriers at the dead end. â€Å"Well its now or never fellas! † exclaimed Jon. Most of us cautiously get out of the car making sure to have our phones in case we get lost. Jon and Zarda skip the rest of the groups actions and boldly begin to examine the trail. The rest of the group quickly follows along to stay close together. â€Å"Look at the amazing stars out tonight guys! † I exclaim. All heads turn to the sky and wallow in the beauty that is being shed among the earth. As I look to go forward on the path, Ashley and Zarda are in my view. The romance of the stars, and the creepy trail set the couples mood for the night as they were holding hands exchanging flirty looks at each other. â€Å"Okay then, how do we cross the stream? † Lizzie questions as we all make our way down the bank to edge of it. â€Å"Just use the top of the rocks as stepping stones! † Moriyah exclaims. â€Å"But make sure not to biff it, because if you do your riding in the trunk on the way home. † Zarda chimes in. We all laugh and make our way across the stream. Ashley and Zarda go first clutching hands from edge to edge making sure not to let go of each other. Next Lizzie and I go, with Moriyah and Jon closely following behind. As we make our journey up the incline to try and get closer the where the light could show up it reveals itself to us at the top of the second hill. â€Å"Well it looks like we have got a long walk ahead of us! Lets go team! † Jon exclaims. As we break into group talk once again I whisper to Moriyah â€Å"I’m really afraid that someone’s going to sneak off and try to really scare us. Moriyah shakes her head in agreement â€Å"Yeah I’ve been thinking the same exact thing. I really hope not. That will suck if they do. † We both hook arms to stay close together. We continue down the path just a little further before we realize Jon is missing. Moriyah questions â€Å"Who was the last one to see him? † No one answers her. â€Å"Guys answer me! † Everyone continues the sile nce as Jon sneaks up behind from large shrubs that line the path behind Moriyah and grabs her shoulders. Moriyah lets out a scream that could shatter glass. â€Å"Not funny Jon! Moriyah yells. Lizzie and Jon begin playfully fighting. Jon takes Lizzies hat and runs to a dirt path that winds through the woods. Lizzie rapidly runs after him yelling â€Å"Jonathan give me my hat! † The rest of us continue down the path as usual knowing they will catch up. â€Å"So Ashley how has your play been going? † I ask. â€Å"Really good, it’s a comedy slash romance and opening weekend we had a full house every night! † Moriyah and I look at each other with the same thought crossing our minds. â€Å"Me and Moriyah will come and see you tomorrow! Ashley’s face becomes covered with a smile as say states â€Å"That would be awesome guys, sit in the middle, it has the best view! † Just as she finishes her sentence Lizzie comes running up to the group huffing and puffing. â€Å" I got my hat from that panzy and ran like the wind! I guess the football conditioning isn’t going too good for him because he sure is slow! † We all laugh. Interrupting our laugh we hear Jon yelling from the woods. â€Å"Come one Jon stop fooling around† Lizzie yells. The yelling continues, becoming more desperate and intense. Lizzie where did you leave him! † I yell. Lizzie remarks â€Å"I promise the last time I saw him he was running right behind me! † We all begin to panic. We run to the trail that Lizzie had just left Jon on. Jon is nowhere to be found. â€Å"Guys don’t split up please† Ashley states. We continue to search. â€Å"Itâ⠂¬â„¢s too dark to see anything now! † Moriyah exclaims. I try and comfort the search by putting on the flashlight on my phone. As I shine the light down, I find Jon on the ground unconscious one step in front of me.

Report of Antigone Essay Example

Report of Antigone Paper Being the third, yet first written, of Sophocles Theban tragic myths, Antigone was written in or around 441 B. C. The setting of Antigone occurs in the palace of Thebes. Thebes is ruled by Creon, whose sister, Jocasta, was the wife and mother of infamous Oedipus Rex. Oedipus was King of Thebes until he expelled himself from the kingdom, leaving his children Polynices, Ismene, Eteocles, and Antigone, along with the throne, in Creons care. The two brothers Polynices and Eteocles die as opposing fighters in a war for the throne. Creon declares that since Polynices brought about he war, he will not have the honorable and traditional burial that his brother has been granted. Rather, his body and remains will be left for the vultures and wild dogs to tear apart. Defying Creons rules, Antigone takes it upon herself to give her brother a proper burial. Antigone expresses her desire to Ismene, who declines Antigones request in help; she carries out the respectable ceremony by herself. Back at the palace in Thebes, Creon is notified by a guard that Polynices body has been buried. Creon demands that the lawbreaker be brought to him and punished. We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Not too long after Creons order, Antigone is brought to the palace with the guard, having been found weeping at Polynices grave. Antigone proudly takes responsibility in having carried out her brothers burial. Antigone is to be punished for her crime. Haemon, Creons son and Antigones fianc? ©, tries to persuade Creon into reconsidering Antigones fate. Instead Haemon ends up angering Creon and losing his trust; Antigone will still be punished. Haemon vows that he will never see his father again. After Antigone is lead away to be imprisoned in a cave, a blind and wise prophet named Teiresias visits Creon and warns him of his possible fate. Because of his unjustness, Creon will lose one child for leaving Polynices body unburied, and for wrongly imprisoning Antigone. This prophecy comes to pass when Haemon commits suicide after finding Antigone hanging by a noose in the cave. Along with this, Creons wife also kills herself. Pertaining to the thesis, or theme, of this story, I feel that the meaning is Justice. Antigone refuses to obey Creons law, even while knowing the consequences. She stood firm and atoned for her actions because they were what she believed in. Though its arguable if she was wrong or not, she accepted the consequences in full. When being trialed by Creon, Antigone states this: And what law of heaven have I transgressed? Why, hapless one, should I look to the gods any more, what ally should I invoke, when by pity I have earned the name of impious? Nay, then, if these things are pleasing to the gods, when I have suffered my doom, I shall come to know my sin; but if the sin is with my Judges, I could wish them no fuller measure of evil than they, on their part, made wrongfully to me. From this I interpreted that she had seen no wrong in her doings. Creons law isnt what she believed to be that of the righteous gods and that their Judgment is what atters most. Since the beginning of the book, it was questioned whether Creons declaration the kingdom for the throne, but another thing to consider is whether everyone, including Polynices, is entitled to be properly taken care of after death. But I cherish good hope that my coming will be welcome to my father, and pleasant to thee, my mother, and welcome, brother, to thee; for, when ye died, with mine own hands I washed and dressed you, and prepared drink-offerings at your graves; and now, Polynices, tis for tending thy corpse that I win such recompense as this. Not only were Antigones defiance in burying her brother unheard of, but so was the fact that she was a rebelling woman. Women were expected to obey and have little to no rights. To be so disobedient and free willed may have been threatening to Creon and his position in authority. Similar acts of rebellion and courageous women can be seen in history. Women such as Susan B. Anthony, who supported the right for women to vote, have similar attributes to Antigone. Susan believed that all women were equal to men, and she knew the Justice in that being true. Along with Susan B. Anthony is a woman named Rosa Parks, who saw that it was unjust for African Americans to be unlawfully required to sit at the back of the bus, while white- skinned people were not. Rosa addressed this problem by sitting at the front of the bus and refusing to move when asked. Throughout the whole story, Antigone is keen on doing what is Just. In the end, when Antigone has accepted her fate, she declares: It seems fair to me to die doing it must please those below a longer time than people here, for there I shall lie there forever Bibliography Antigone; Sophocles- Prestwick House, Inc. ; 2005 edition (December 1 , 2005) Page 40

Free Essays on Drama

The following paper will present aspects of two fictional plays compared to a non-fictional play, The Laramie Project. The Glass Managerie and Death of a Salesman are both fictional works, but are reflections on the difficulties of life. An author of a fictional play text uses plot, setting and characters to create imagery and influence the reader's response on how the author wishes the reader to perceive a situation. An author can present his or her work to a reader or audience by descriptions of any settings, detail of weather, characters stereotypical of society and color association. The author has an opportunity to be creative in his descriptions of characters. Characters have certain features that all contribute to the 'characters profile'. Their profile can be built up using many methods as was done in . Each of the main characters have a meaning to their name. For example, Willy Loman has connotations of a man who has lost hope in life due to his mundane occupation and pursuit of the American Dream. He maintains a low, depressed mood throughout the play. Characters can also represent stereotypes of society from their attitudes and behavior. In the play, The Glass Managerie the author presented the characters as stereotypical of society with the female role of doing all the cooking and cleaning and the male role of relaxing and having a good time while telling his wife what and not to do. Arthur Miller deliberately makes him out to be a fool for the pure reason to emphasizes his purpose - mock American society. Willy is wound up in his idea of being 'well liked' success, the materialistic version of the dream. By doing this, miller creates a character that appears to be a pathetic character whom the audience pity and feel for. Miller holds compassion for Willy. Willy has dreams that are self deluding Willy clings to the idea of making... Free Essays on Drama Free Essays on Drama Drama, a five letter word that is used worldwide, everyday. It is a way of communicating a point, a thought, an opinion, an idea, an event†¦through acting and taking on a different role. Drama can be molded and shaped to transform the mind. It causes awareness and in doing that, it brings forth controversy, as a result of allowing people to see more than one side to the story. Look at drama as a tool, a way to make learning exciting and entertaining, allowing students to become participants rather than passive listeners. Augusto Boal, author of Theatre of the Oppressed, references theatre as a weapon, a way of opening the doors to its spectators, and increasing their awareness of a situation, seeing it at an angle in which they may have never acknowledged before. Drama and its history show the steps different cultures took in modifying its meaning and purpose and further explaining the foundation that these cultures laid down to make drama what it is today. Drama as seen in today’s society, highlights some specific events that demonstrate the variety of ways theatrical shows are performed throughout the world and how these performances impact the audience. Augusta Boal once said, â€Å"Theatre is a weapon, and it is the people who should wield it.† There is little evidence that can concretely show how drama evolved in the first place. Researchers strongly consider that the basic concept travels as far back as the cavemen. It is a strong possibility that cavemen would center themselves around a campfire, each taking turns reenacting the events of a hunt from that day. Researchers believe this gradually took on a more ritualistic meaning and incorporated chanting, dancing and some early forms of music. These enactments were assumed to bring good luck for the hunt of the following day. Although these conclusions are not factually based, historians pungently feel that due to limited means of communication through languag... Free Essays on Drama The following paper will present aspects of two fictional plays compared to a non-fictional play, The Laramie Project. The Glass Managerie and Death of a Salesman are both fictional works, but are reflections on the difficulties of life. An author of a fictional play text uses plot, setting and characters to create imagery and influence the reader's response on how the author wishes the reader to perceive a situation. An author can present his or her work to a reader or audience by descriptions of any settings, detail of weather, characters stereotypical of society and color association. The author has an opportunity to be creative in his descriptions of characters. Characters have certain features that all contribute to the 'characters profile'. Their profile can be built up using many methods as was done in . Each of the main characters have a meaning to their name. For example, Willy Loman has connotations of a man who has lost hope in life due to his mundane occupation and pursuit of the American Dream. He maintains a low, depressed mood throughout the play. Characters can also represent stereotypes of society from their attitudes and behavior. In the play, The Glass Managerie the author presented the characters as stereotypical of society with the female role of doing all the cooking and cleaning and the male role of relaxing and having a good time while telling his wife what and not to do. Arthur Miller deliberately makes him out to be a fool for the pure reason to emphasizes his purpose - mock American society. Willy is wound up in his idea of being 'well liked' success, the materialistic version of the dream. By doing this, miller creates a character that appears to be a pathetic character whom the audience pity and feel for. Miller holds compassion for Willy. Willy has dreams that are self deluding Willy clings to the idea of making...

Business Proposal for implementing MIS in the Company Assignment - 1

Business Proposal for implementing MIS in the Company - Assignment Example Management information systems entail the use of computer software, hardware, and processes that facilitate the storage and management of information in an organization. Information management systems facilitate efficiency in the business by enhancing business processes and procedures. In addition, they enable the business to provide efficient customer service, which is necessary for a competitive market. The organization is able to keep track of transactions and employees’ performance through effective management information systems. Moreover, information management systems enable the management to make multiple decisions regarding business operations effectively. Information management systems generally facilitate the creation, acquisition, and storage of information in the organization (Shajahan and Priyadharshini, 2004). Public relations companies enhance organizations’ public relations by providing the media with appropriate and promotional information regarding th eir clients. The adoption of efficient management information systems in various departments of a public relations agency facilitates the efficient and effective acquisition and management of information. In addition, the systems enhance sufficient and reliable research on the position of media regarding a client. Information systems provide the company with an overview of various public relations procedures required by a particular business. It also enables the organization to acquire information regarding the level of their clients’ public relations. The implementation of effective management information systems in the organization promotes efficiency and accuracy with respect to research and the dissemination of information. The business proposal aims at providing concrete information regarding the benefits of adopting an effective information management system in the company’s research and communication department (Shajahan and Priyadharshini, 2004).

Comparison and Contrast (Point by Point) exactly four points Essay

Comparison and Contrast (Point by Point) exactly four points - Essay Example This paper will discuss how men and women shop for essentials, how they treat shopping as relaxation or socialization and what they consider important when buying things. Women have been dubbed as extravagant because of their role in the household. As the gender which was predominantly thought of as housekeepers and child caregivers, women went to the grocery store more often than men. They would think about everybody’s needs and they buy everything that the whole household needs (Brennan). This spares the men from going to the market or the mall. When men need to buy their own essentials, they would seldom think about the other members of the family so that they are often focused on one department when they go shopping, making them stay for a shorter period of time compared to women. On the contrary, women often shop their own needs including the needs of other loved ones so that they would need to go to the ladies’ department, children’s wears, men’s clothes as well as the groceries in just one shopping spree. This means that norms demanded women to shop more than men, buying almost everybody’s needs while men wou ld sometimes go shopping but not for everybody. Meanwhile, feminism and modernization brought changes not only in family arrangements but how men act as consumers as well. According to Todd Hale, senior vice president of the Nielsen Company, â€Å"men (are) facing higher unemployment than women (therefore) they are taking a more active role in household duties†. Nevertheless, statistics show that the spending of males in 2004 has not changed much in 2010 although there is a slight increase in the number of male consumers in dollar, supercenter, grocery and other products. This strengthens the point made earlier that the role of women as housekeepers makes shopping a part of their daily business and therefore they

Impact of Cushioned and Ball Chair on Classroom Behaviour

Impact of Cushioned and Ball Chair on Classroom Behaviour The Impact of Air Sit Cushioned and Ball Chair on Classroom Behavior of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Nader Matin Sadr1, Hojjat Allah Haghgoo2, Sayyed Ali Samadi3, Mehdi Rassafiani2, Enayat Allah Bakhshi 2 1. Ph.D Candidate of Occupational therapy 2. PhD 3. Ph.D University of Ulster Introduction: Increasing number of children with autism spectrum disorder is 1 case per 110 Students is a great challenge for education system (1). Difficulty in engagement in class tasks, low attention span, and inappropriate behaviors are common in these students, which interfere with student’s ability to participate in the educational mainstream (2). One reason that children with ASD have limited success in educational improvement with some intervention strategies is that these strategies do not address the sensory issues that may underlie the disruptive behavior (Ayres, 1972; Dunn, 2000). In an extensive research on 200 children with autism, %95 had difficulties in sensory modulation. Physiological need for proper sensory stimulation leads to spending most of student time on stereotype and repetitive movements to adjust their sensory system. Therefore, their attention would not be concentrated on learning and assignments in class. Greenspan and Wieder argued that the decrease in sensory processing may resulted in social isolation and inattention to class tasks (2).Viola and Noddings stated that children with low sensory sensibility require additional sensory stimulation to accomplish the tasks which require attention and concentration (3). Therefore, one of the prominent approaches to address the behavioral problems in these chi ldren is sensory integration approach. Sensory integration approach includes integration of three essential sensory systems: the proprioceptive, the vestibular, and the tactile systems. These systems, regulate the awareness of the body in space, joint and limbs positions, control sensations of gravity and movement, and perceives the sense of touch (4). Sensory Integration theory is focused on these special key sensory systems which are useful in person’s interpretation and application of sensory information. Proper sensory integration is a gate to successful educational learning through successful application of sensory and perceptual systems which would lead to forming vital skills for doing on task behaviors (4). Occupational therapists who work in school often use sensory techniques to increase students’ levels of attending, on-task behavior, and performance in the classroom. Many clinicians perceive these approaches to be successful in promoting functional classroom behavior. According to previous findin gs, 99% of occupational therapists use sensory integration techniques (5). Smith and Miller had been in contact with 292 occupational therapists in 1992 and found that Sensory Integration based-therapy was the most common applied technique among all of them (6). The effects of proper sensory integration, improve students ability to educational achievements and success by goal directed use of sensory and perceptual systems. This method can lead to success in learning (Gilman). Furthermore, formal research conducted on sensory-based interventions has supported this belief (Schilling, 2004; Schilling Schwartz, 2004; Schilling, Washington, Billingsley, Deitz, 2003). Hemmingsson and Borel in their investigations emphasized on lack of environmental modification in the classroom that directly refers to the limitation of student’s engagement. So, lack of proper changes in environment can lead to restriction in learning. Furthermore, previous emphasis in pediatric occupational therapy has been on modifying the individual’s behavior with less emphasis placed on changing the environment, but focus is now shifting to ergonomic and sensory modifications to promote academic success (Asher, 2010). Various sensory-based strategies, including the use of alternative seating devices, have been examined by researchers and in many cases have been found to promote functional classroom behavior (Fertel-Daly, Bedell, Hinojosa, 2001; Schilling et al., 2003; Schilling Schwartz, 2004; Zissermann, 1992). Two of these functional methods are the using of balls and air cushions rather than common chairs. The use of therapeutic balls have been lead to marke d improvements in the in-seat behavior and legible word production, in school age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Schilling, 2004; Schilling et al., 2003) and to increase in engagement and in-seat behavior of preschoolers with ASD (Schilling Schwartz, 2004) (7). Clinicians have been using dynamic seating systems such as the Disc ‘O’ Sit cushion for many years to assist students to increase their attention span. While clinical evidence that these systems can lead to desired results, but very little research has been completed and published to support their use. Sitting on a ball allows the child to pay more attention to activities while receiving stimulation in a passive form, rather than seeking stimulation from disruptive activities. Gamache-Hulsmans (2007) stated that students said they feel better when sitting on ball chairs. Students also felt more comfortable and said their backs did not hurt when sitting. The ball chairs are soft compared to regular classroom seats and are more fun to sit on (3). To what extent, dynamic seating chairs will effect on attention to on task behaviors and in-seat behavior? Therefore, in this research, the effects of sitting on ball and air cushion were investigated. With regards to thousands of special students with difficulty in sitting and classroom performance, these devices may be optional selection for solving the mentioned class behavior problems. Materials and Method Research Design: A single subject multiple treatments withdrawal design A-B-A-C was used to investigate the effects of 3 seating options including common chairs, therapy balls, air cushions on the in-seat, on class task behavior, communication and social behavior of four students with ASD. During the 2 A phases students were sitting on common chairs, in B phase on air cushions, and during C phase they were sitting on therapeutic balls. Participants: This investigation performed in an especial school for ASD students. A convenience sample including four participants was recruited from the Preschool students in autism elementary school in Mashhad, Iran. Participants were diagnosed as ASD by specialists and taking their own medications regularly throughout the study. According to teachers’ report, all children were identified as having difficulty with in-seat behavior and on task behavior. Procedures: Informed consents were obtained prior to experiment and contents were comprehended and signed by students’ legal representative. Data collection: Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS II) and Vineland testes were given and were used to examine social and communication skills of students in the first and final of research for all students of class. To assess the students’ class behavior, staff was instructed to give no additional feedback on students sitting behavior either positive or negative throughout the duration of the study. But, if a student exhibited behavior that could be potentially harmful to him, peers, or the staff must have been prevented by staff. To remove any novelty effects, students were introduced with stability balls and air cushion instead of their chairs for 2 full days, before baseline data collection. Video recording: Setting camera recorders in class, Students’ behaviors during class task (sitting period and attention performance related to class tasks) were recorded all the day-time. Students’ behaviors were quantified three times per week, one day after another, with an overall of 12 sessions. Two occupational therapists were trained as observer of videos. In-seat data were collected via momentary real time sampling (MTS); the observers coded the student’s behavior on the basis of several behavioral classifications. The mean score across raters was used to calculate weekly on-task and in seat behavior. Videos were regularly checked throughout the study to determine inter and intra rater reliability agreement. Observers individually, watched videos every 10-s intervals, stopped it and marked the observation on each child’s designated worksheet, thus resulting in 60 observations per session per participant. This MTS interval would serve to make the obs ervations more valid and representative of the child’s behavior throughout the baseline and interventions periods. Additionally, GARS II and Vineland testes were given and were used to examine social and communication skills of students in the first and final phases of research for all students of class. Students’ class behaviors during two intervention phases (each 1 week) were compared with class behavior during baseline and withdrawal phases (each one week). Teacher Social Validity Scale: Social validity questionnaire was used at the end of the study to evaluate teacher opinion regarding the intervention. The questionnaire consisted of 8 questions and assessed effects of intervention on sitting and activity participation as well as the extent of preference of stability balls or air cushion instead of chairs. Questions were answered on a 5-point Likert scale that ranged from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). On-Task Behavior:† Engagement was defined as â€Å"oriented towards appropriate classroom activity or teacher and either interacting with materials, responding to the speaker or looking at the speaker† (Schilling Schwartz, 2004, p. 427). This definition included reading, and writing as well. In-Seat Behavior: Data on in-seat behavior was defined according to Schilling and Schwartz (2004) and quantified during video review. â€Å"Any portion of the child’s buttocks in contact with the seat portion of the chair† (Schillling Schwartz, 2004, p. 427) and â€Å"the four legs of the chair in contact with the floor† (p. 427). For the intervention phase (B), any portion of the participant’s buttocks in contact with the air cushion, air cushion in contact with the chair and the four legs of the chair in contact with the floor. For the intervention phase (C), in-seat behavior was defined as â€Å"any portion of the participant’s buttocks in contact with the ball, the ball in contact with the floor, and at least one foot in contact with the floor† (Schilling Schwartz, 2004, p. 427). GARS-2: The GARS is a screening instrument used for the assessment of individuals’ ages 3–22 years old who exhibit behavioral characteristics that may be indicative of autism. This is a standardized instrument, which consists of 42 items divided into three subscales that describe specific, observable and measurable behaviors. The items included in this instrument are based on the definition of autism adopted by the Autism Society of America (2003) and on the diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder published in DSM-IV-TR. Vineland Materials: Therapy balls: The selected therapy balls to be used in classroom use, had 55-cm-diameter (n Sit ball by †¦) with five little feet to prevent it from moving or rolling when used as a sitting ball. Therapy balls were individually fitted with air pressure into the ball (at different degrees of inflation) that confirm the student could sit comfortably with his feet flat on the floor with knees and hips flexed at 90 degrees. Air cushion: The Disc ‘O’ Sit cushion is a round and widely available. The Disc ‘O’ Sit, are instability cushions, strong enough to sit. It is designed to fit on a classroom chair and provide movement while seated (7). Chair: A general wooden with iron frame classroom chair without armrests (height, 72 cm; depth, 34 cm; width, 39 cm; seat height, 36 cm). 1. Participant 1, speak with himself slowly and repeatedly with low attention and cannot tolerate sitting on chair. Participant 2 an 8-yr-old boy, he has low level endurance for performing occupation and sitting. He was hyperactive. Participant 3 an 8-yr-old boy, he has visual perceptual problem with low attention and endurance. Participant 4 a 11-yr-old boy, auditory problem, he likes, Results: During Phase A1 the number of times Hossin was on seat ranged from 11 to 18 (mean [M] = 14). During Phase B, the range was 30–36 (M = 34). During Phase A2, (chair) 15-38 (M = 23). During Phase C, (ball) the range was 2-10 (M = 6). The number of on seat for Hossin shows increase on air cushion and decrease in sitting on ball. During Phase A1 the number of times Hossin was on task ranged from 23 to 32 (mean [M] = 27.5). During Phase B, the range was 42-56 (M = 50). During Phase A2, (chair) 33-44 (M = 39). During Phase C, (ball) the range was 47-51 (M = 48). The number of on seat for Hossin shows increase on air cushion and decrease in sitting on ball. Each child’s data are presented in separate graphs in Figure (A) Total number of times that Hossin was on seat each phases. (B) Total number of times that Hassan was on seat and engaged each session. (C) Total number of times that Parsa was on seat and engaged each session. (D) Total number of times that Amir was on seat and engaged each session. Films was regularly checked throughout the study for determining inter and intra rater reliability agreement. Final inter rater agreement percentages ranged from 93% to 100% for in-seat behavior and from 80% to 90% for on-task behavior. They had a mean age of 8.75  ± 1.9 years, mean height 132.5  ± 9 cm, and mean weight 29.25  ± 8.5 kg. Each child demonstrated a unique response to the use of the therapy ball chair and air cushion. Discussion: Conclusions: This investigation suggests that dynamic seating in the classroom, increases in-seat behavior on task behavior for children with ASD. However no one type of seating was found appropriate for all children with ASD. For some forms of classroom behavior, the use of dynamic seating appears proactive, serving  as a positive behavior support strategy to assist in creating an opportunity for learning. References 1.Koegel L, Matos-Fredeen R, Lang R, Koegel R. Interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders in inclusive school settings. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. 2011. 2.Schilling DL, Schwartz IS. Alternative seating for young children with autism spectrum disorder: Effects on classroom behavior. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 2004;34(4):423-32. 3.Horgen KM, Kathryn M. Utilization of an Exercise Ball in the Classroom: Its Effect on Off-task Behavior of a Student with ADHD [thesis]: University of Wisconsin; 2009. 4.Wu W-L, Wang C-C, Chen C-h, Lai C-L. Influence of Therapy Ball Seats on Attentional Ability in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. 2011. 5.Tunstall H.R. Effects of Alternative Seating on the Academic Engagement of Children With Autism 2010. 6.Lang R, O’Reilly M, Healy O, Rispoli M, Lydon H, Streusand W, et al. Sensory integration therapy for autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2012;6(3):1004-18. 7.Schilling DL. Alternative seating devices for children with ADHD: Effects on classroom behavior. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 2006;18(1):81.

Amendment for Protection of the American Flag

As Americans, we live in a nation that provides unlimited opportunity and freedom that is unparalleled in the history of the human experience. Through it all, the flag of our country has stood as a symbol of that freedom and opportunity. Men and women have died to protect it and Americans from all walks of life have sacrificed a great deal to freely display it. However, all of this is countered with a frightening fact- The Constitution of the United States of America promotes desecration of the flag through the protection of flag burning as an expression of free speech (Goldstein, 1994).Therefore, the Constitution cries out for an amendment to protect the flag at all costs because without protection of the very symbol of freedom, the underlying democracy will in time fall by the wayside as well. This should not be taken as a harbinger of the end of democracy, however. In this speech, the following main points will be discussed: †¢ There are far too many cases of flag desecration , as will be proven by statistics †¢ The problem of flag desecration will not go away by itself, so action is needed†¢ Without action, the freedom that the flag represents will go up in flames like the abused flags themselves II. NEED STEP: Flag Desecration is Far Too Common The disrespect that has been shown the flag of the United States, in the most extreme cases, involves the flag being burned. While this makes an excellent photo opportunity for the media, the other examples of disrespect that the flag has been shown in recent years is far more common and degrading than an outright burning.Specific examples of this disrespect include the perversion of the flag under the excuse that the flag is being used for artistic purposes and therefore is legitimate as artistic expression, such as the use of the flag as a canvas upon which pornographic scenes are painted, use of the flag as offensive products such as the Old Glory Condoms offered online for sale, and the presentatio n of destruction of the flag in plays and movies, disguised as an essential part of the plot (Chu, et al, 2003).All of this is reinforced by powerful organizations like the American Civil Liberties Union that use their clout in courts of law to defend those who come under legal scrutiny because of their flag abusing activities (Arbuckle, 2003). Because there are so many perversely innovative ways to disgrace the American flag, the problem of desecration will not go away by itself; rather, evidence suggests that it will only get worse.Therefore, ways to protect the flag must exist. III. SATISFACTION STEP: There are Ways to Protect the Flag It would seem that the flag should be protected from those that would casually destroy it for their own benefit. So, how can this be accomplished? First, the implementation of a Constitutional amendment to ban the desecration of the American flag must take place, regardless of the weak excuses that have been offered to legitimize it.The justificati on for such an amendment lies in an important distinction between freedom of expression and freedom of conduct. The Constitution provides for the right of the individual to express themselves freely, which gives the impression that one is given the freedom to speak freely, peacefully assemble, challenge the government if they perceive that injustice exists, and the other rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights and elsewhere.However, there is a limit on conduct, constitutionally speaking. No one is given the right to act out in any way that they’d like. Therefore just as one would not be permitted to assault an individual with whom they disagreed, no one should be allowed to, in essence, assault the flag if they disagree with the government, or for any other purpose (Foerstel 1997). When and only when the Constitution bans the destruction of the flag will we see a total protection of the freedoms that the flag represents.IV. VISUALIZATION STEP: Without Protection, Democracy Su ffers If the flag is not protected, it would seem that it would only be the beginning of a wholesale sacrifice of all of the freedoms that have been provided by our founding fathers, protected with the blood of many of our best and brightest citizens, and laid out in the Constitution. It will only be through an amendment of that very Constitution that the flag is safe.If the flag is not safe, it is entirely possible that from that point the powerful ACLU and other organizations like it will use their power to make it acceptable for other unacceptable actions to be condoned under the guise of expression of freedom, such as illegal drug use, child abuse, and the like. The awful possibilities are truly endless. Simply put if we do not constitutionally protect the flag, a free-for-all will likely result as the other rules of civil conduct, one by one, are subsequently challenged and defeated. In the end result, only those with the money and power will have their agendas-for better or wo rse- advanced.Anarchy and evil will prevail without solid regulations to prevent such occurrences. V. ACTION STEP: Everyone Needs to Get Involved Sadly, the ultimate sacrifices that Americans have made in the name of freedom, from the hills of Lexington and Concord to the deserts of Iraq and Afghanistan, are likely to continue as long as the American nation exists. However aside from these valiant efforts, everyone who loves democracy and freedom must get involved in the effort to protect the American flag. There are several ways for the common person to personally solve the problem of flag desecration:First, support for the Constitutional amendment must exist. Citizens should take advantage of their freedom of expression to speak out in support of this effort. The circulation of petitions to gain the support of others will go a long way to appeal to elected officials about the importance of the amendment. Likewise, soliciting these elected officials to speak publically in support o f the amendment would be an excellent method. From the sacred point of view, church groups should also gather together regardless of religious affiliation to make a difference (Wall, 1995).Speaking out and organizing will be the best way to facilitate a flag protection amendment. VI. CONCLUSION: Summing it Up In an age where traditions and symbols are being discarded one by one, the flag must be protected at all costs; if not, the bloodshed in the past will all be in vain. Sadly, as has been discussed, the flag is sacrificed for profit, personal interests and entertainment- basically, the slimmest of reasons. Thus, the call goes out to everyone to be vocal, solicit flag protection from their friends and neighbors as well as elected officials, and never give up.The America that our children and grandchildren ultimately inherit is the one that we create today. We owe it not only to ourselves but also to generations yet unknown to us to preserve liberty, and justice for all. The task b efore us is clear- if we protect the flag, the flag will ultimately protect us! Works Cited Arbuckle, M. R. (2003). Vanishing First Amendment Protection for Symbolic Expression 35 Years after United States V. O'Brien. Communications and the Law, 25(2), 1+. Chu, J. , & Couper, D. P. (2003). The Flag and Freedom. Social Education, 67(6), 327+.Foerstel, H. N. (1997). Free Expression and Censorship in America An Encyclopedia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Goldstein, R. J. (1994, July 18). This Flag Is Not for Burning: Snuffing out Symbolic Speech. The Nation, 259, 84+. Goldstein, R. J. (1995). Saving Old Glory: The History of the American Flag Desecration Controversy. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence. Retrieved November 22, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. worldofspeech. com/speech1/monroe. html Wall, J. M. (1995, July 19). Flag-Burning Revisited. The Christian Century, 112, 699.

Literary Analysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson

Although several themes exist in the Lottery, only a few remain significant. Mrs. Hutchinson, who apparently arrived just moments after 10 A. M. , ended up as the not so lucky person that received the black dot on her ticket. â€Å"Clean forgot what day it was†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. and then I looked out the window and the kids was gone, and then I remembered it was the twenty-seventh and came a-running† (Jackson 3). She simply forgot the special event that took place that day and did nothing wrong. Never in the story did Shirley Jackson hint that Mrs. Hutchinson reeked of evil; however, she was punished brutally for no just picking a slip of paper out of some old, black box. Anyone in this small town, even the children, have the same chance of becoming the one murder victim. â€Å"Nancy was twelve, and her school friends breathed heavily as she went forward switching her skirt, and took a slip daintily from the box† (5). This goes for America’s society where any random person can be jailed or accused of something they were wrongly accused for. Society punishes innocent citizens based on faulty accusations or just because they resemble an estranged serial killer. As soon as the news goes public, friends and even family members disown the â€Å"criminal† just like in the lottery where all of Mrs. Hutchinson’s friends turned on her. Mr. Summers, who interacted with Mrs. Hutchinson earlier, in a friendly manner, â€Å"†¦. and Mr. Summers, who had been waiting, said cheerfully. ‘Thought we were going to have to get on without you, Tessie† (2) completely turned on Mrs. Hutchinson by the end of the story â€Å"All right, folks. Let’s finish quickly. † Even Mrs. Hutchinson’s own family turned on her. â€Å"The children had stones already. And someone gave little Davy Hutchinson few pebbles† (6). To the whole population of the village, the lottery was a ritual that had became a huge aspect of the villagers lives and thought nothing of it. Just like American’s accept football as the countries favorite sport and Spainards accept bullfighting as a ritual, the villagers accepted the lottery. The author describes the black box, in which the slips rest in. The black box grew shabbier each year by now it was no longer completely black but splintered badly along one side to show the original wood color, and in some places faded or stained† (1). However, the villagers refused to accept change and kept the same black box because it was a ritual for as long as they recall. The line from the story â€Å"The people had done it so many times that they only have listened to the direc tions† (3), illustrates how the lottery really filled out the word â€Å"ritual†. The villagers claim the black box was made from pieces of an older black box from many years ago. Using stones and making family lists has been around for so long that they are part of a tradition, and no one ever wants to break a tradition. The actual lottery symbolizes irony. A lottery usually happens when a ticket is selected at random and whoever has the ticket receives a nice or in some cases, an extremely wonderful sum of money. In the Lottery, however, everyone dooms the day when they â€Å"win† this lottery because their own people murder them. Although not so obvious, foreshadowing is used in the Lottery by Shirley Jackson. At the beginning of the story, the seemingly innocent children play with stones â€Å"Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his example, selecting the smoothes and roundest stones†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1). Shirley Jackson presented the stones early in the story, but stones acted like a method of play until the end of the story where Mrs. Hutchinson was attacked by stones â€Å" ‘It isn’t fair’ she said. A stone hit her on the side of the head† (6). Shirley Jackson keeps the audience intrigued by dragging out the results of the lottery until the very end where the real use of the stones are mentioned.

Characteristics Of A Nation State - 902 Words

We live in a world where exchanging information and culture is as easy as clicking a button on your smartphone or computer. However, while that may be considered as a positive attribute to the worldliness of individuals across the globe, it proposes a potential threat to the very cultures we appreciate and wish to experience. While the terms nation and state are often used synonymously, they have very different denotations. A nation can be defined as a geographical location where the inhabits share cultural similarities and have a sense of nationalism for where they are from. The term nation is used to describe culturally identity and attachment to a certain state. The term state serves more of a politically and governmental meaning because it labels a particular location as sovereign, giving the areas within the defined borders power over what goes on within those borders. When combining the cultural and political aspects of a particular location defined by specific borders, the ter m nation-state is used to depict an area such as the United Kingdom in which there are individual states, but they have cultural variances such as language and customs. Keeping with the example of the UK, we witnessed last year when Scotland, one of the states included in the UK, tried to succeed from the parliamentary sovereignty and become its own sovereign nation in order to preserve its cultural identity. When looking at the case of Scotland succeeding from the UK, one could come to theShow MoreRelatedThe Characteristics of the Nation-State and Transnational Entities1343 Words   |  6 PagesNation-states deal certain characteristics of self-rule, organized government, territory, and population. Self-rule implies that nation-states rule themselves. They are free and not colonies of some other country. For example, the U.S. was a colony of Great Britain until the American Revolution. As a consequence of the American Revolution, the United States formed a nation-state. Organized government is the manner in which nation-states rule themselves. For example, the government of the U.S. isRead MoreCharacteristics of the Modern Nation-State Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will describe the characteristics of the modern nation-state, explain how the United States fits the criteria of and functions as a modern nation-state, discuss the European Union as a transnational entity, analyze how nation-states and transnational entities engage on foreign policy to achieve their interests, and the consequences of this interaction for international politics. Some of the characteristics that make up a modern nation-state are; the population of the territory is unitedRead MoreThe Catastrophe That Is Commonwealth1693 Words   |  7 PagesCommonwealth. The characteristics that discourage me from living in Hobbes’ Commonwealth are 1) the defense of a monarchy as the best constitution, 2) the exemption of the Sovereign from civil laws and social contract, and his or her intact human nature resulting from these exemptions 3) subjects’ restrictions to do things such as protest due to their covenant and 4) all who are not citizens are enemies. These characteristics differ immensely from the way in which my home country, The United States of AmericaRead MoreCulturally Appropriate Counseling Practices And Advocacy766 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the counselor understands the client’s cultural characteristics, and is always in a continual process of self-reflection of their own socio-cultural beliefs and biases. This paper wil l discuss how generic counseling through the lens of culture, class and language and the how Native Americans/First Nations differ when using these same markers. This paper will also discuss the implications of Native Americans/First Nations cultural characteristics on counseling methods and advocacy. Cultural AspectsRead MoreAustralia Is Experiencing A True Predicament1342 Words   |  6 PagesAustralia is experiencing a true predicament. Australians feel that the nation does not have a clear nation identity. This failure to do so has left the country in a state of discontent. If a national identity is an idea constructed by modern nation-states to identify real or imagined commonalities in order to unite a population (Flayhive 2007). Australia is missing a national identity, as the country has yet to construct its own national identity. This lack of a clear national identity can largelyRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Rome And China1251 Words   |  6 Pageschanged their nations and in some cases, the world. Both Rome and China had two unique and important cultural characteristics that completely changed their nations. For the Romans, their unique cultural characteristics were new ideas. The first of these new ideas, their unique Judicial System is the basis fo r many current judicial systems around the world, the other new idea, Christianity is now one of the worlds most practiced Religions. Whereas the unique cultural characteristics of China, namelyRead MoreRena’s Concept of Nation Building Based on Chavez and Morales565 Words   |  3 Pagesconcept of nation is about a proposal that urges people to come together in order to have consciousness about the process of building a nation and to forget about the differences in geography, language, race, and religion. He insists on telling that a nation is composed of people’s collaboration and agreements to stay together and be governed by mutual approval because they shared a common past. Based on this concept, we can say that Hugo Chavez and Evo Morales were trying to build a nation by usingRead MoreCities, Immigrants, And The Nation1290 Words   |  6 PagesCities, Immigrants, and the Nation The history of America has been associated with immigration. In fact, the population of America is believed to be highly dominated by immigrants. The topic of immigrants in the United Sates is crucial even in the present situation. There are mixed reactions on the best way to deal with the issue of immigration, especially in the political front. Immigration in the United States is quite extensive and began long time ago. This essay will address the American ImmigrationRead MoreNotes on Nationalism- A2 Government and Politics1119 Words   |  5 PagesNationalism The nature of the nation and the differences between nations and states. - A nation can be defined as a group of people who consider themselves to have common circumstances at birth. These common circumstances are strong enough for them to adopt collective goals based on their national identity. Nationalism is therefore an emotional phenomenon felt by the people. - There are a number of typical circumstances of birth that may give rise to nationhood including having a single commonRead MoreEssay on Kedouries Nationalism602 Words   |  3 Pagesnotions of shared national characteristics. To understand the development of nationalism, Kedourie looks back into some events and ideas that form the history and set the background for the creation of the ideology. Kedourie traces the beginning of nationalism to the historical event of the French Revolution and the philosophy connected with Kants categorical imperative. The French Revolution (1789) introduced the concept that sovereignty rested on the authority of the Nation, or in other words, the